एक ऑपरेटर एक निश्चित मूल्य या ऑपरेंड में हेरफेर करने में सक्षम होता है. ऑपरेटर्स का उपयोग ऑपरेंड पर विशिष्ट गणितीय और तार्किक गणना करने के लिए किया जाता है. अगर सरल शब्दों में कहा जाये तो एक ऑपरेटर ऑपरेंड का संचालन करता है. जावास्क्रिप्ट संचालकों में वैल्यू की तुलना के लिए उपयोग किया जाता है अंकगणित संचालन आदि करते हैं
Operators को जिन Variables पर लागु किया जाता है या जिन Variables के साथ उपयोग करते है उन सभी Variables को Operands कहा जाता है जैसे कि -
c = a+b;
इस Statement मे a और b Operands है. C भी एक Operand है क्योंकि (=) Operator इस पर Apply हो रहा है.
जावास्क्रिप्ट द्वारा समर्थित विभिन्न ऑपरेटर होते हैं. JavaScript मे Operators को कई भागो मे बाँटा गया है -
Arithmetic Operators
Comparison (Relational) Operators
Bitwise Operators
Logical Operators
Assignment Operators
Arithmetic Operators एक Value या Variable के रूप मे Single Value को वापस कर देते है.
| Operator | Description | Example |
|---|---|---|
| + | Addition | 2 + 4 |
| - | Subtraction | 6 - 2 |
| * | Multiplication | 5 * 3 |
| / | Division | 15 / 3 |
| % | Modulus | 43 % 10 |
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>JavaScript Arithmetic Operators</title>
</head>
<body>
<script type="text/javascript">
<!--
var a = 43;
var b = 20;
var c = "Test";
var linebreak = "<br />";
document.write("a + b = ");
result = a + b;
document.write(result);
document.write(linebreak);
document.write("a - b = ");
result = a - b;
document.write(result);
document.write(linebreak);
document.write("a / b = ");
result = a / b;
document.write(result);
document.write(linebreak);
document.write("a % b = ");
result = a % b;
document.write(result);
document.write(linebreak);
document.write("a + b + c = ");
result = a + b + c;
document.write(result);
document.write(linebreak);
a = ++a;
document.write("++a = ");
result = ++a;
document.write(result);
document.write(linebreak);
b = --b;
document.write("--b = ");
result = --b;
document.write(result);
document.write(linebreak);
//-->
</script>
</body>
</html>
जावास्क्रिप्ट Comparison Operators दो ऑपरेंड की तुलना करता है.
| Operator | Description | Example | Result |
|---|---|---|---|
| == | Equal To | x == y | false |
| != | Not Equal To | x != y | true |
| < | Less Than | x < y | true |
| > | Greater Than | x > y | false |
| <= | Less Than or Equal To | x <= y | true |
| >= | Greater Than or Equal To | x >= y | false |
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>JavaScript Comparison Operators</title>
</head>
<body>
<script type="text/javascript">
<!--
var a = 20;
var b = 30;
var linebreak = "<br />";
document.write("(a == b) => ");
result = (a == b);
document.write(result);
document.write(linebreak);
document.write("(a < b) => ");
result = (a < b);
document.write(result);
document.write(linebreak);
document.write("(a > b) => ");
result = (a > b);
document.write(result);
document.write(linebreak);
document.write("(a != b) => ");
result = (a != b);
document.write(result);
document.write(linebreak);
document.write("(a >= b) => ");
result = (a >= b);
document.write(result);
document.write(linebreak);
document.write("(a <= b) => ");
result = (a <= b);
document.write(result);
document.write(linebreak);
//-->
</script>
</body>
</html>
बिटवाइज़ ऑपरेटर ऑपरेंड पर बिटवाइज़ ऑपरेशन करते हैं. बिटवाइज़ ऑपरेटर भी Control Statements मे उपयोग किये जाते है.
| Operator | Description | Example |
|---|---|---|
| & | Bitwise AND | (10==20 & 20==33) = false |
| | | Bitwise OR | (10==20 | 20==33) = false |
| ^ | Bitwise XOR | (10==20 ^ 20==33) = false |
| ~ | Bitwise NOT | (~10) = -10 |
| << | Bitwise Left Shift | (10<<2) = 40 |
| >> | Bitwise Right Shift | (10>>2) = 2 |
| >>> | Bitwise Right Shift with Zero | (10>>>2) = 2 |
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>JavaScript Bitwise Operators</title>
</head>
<body>
<script type="text/javascript">
<!--
var a = 3; // Bit presentation 11
var b = 3; // Bit presentation 12
var linebreak = "<br />";
document.write("(a & b) => ");
result = (a & b);
document.write(result);
document.write(linebreak);
document.write("(a | b) => ");
result = (a | b);
document.write(result);
document.write(linebreak);
document.write("(a ^ b) => ");
result = (a ^ b);
document.write(result);
document.write(linebreak);
document.write("(~b) => ");
result = (~b);
document.write(result);
document.write(linebreak);
document.write("(a << b) => ");
result = (a << b);
document.write(result);
document.write(linebreak);
document.write("(a >> b) => ");
result = (a >> b);
document.write(result);
document.write(linebreak);
//-->
</script>
</body>
</html>
Logical Operators का उपयोग दो या अधिक Conditions को Combine करने के लिये किया जाता है.
| Operator | Example | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Logical AND ( && ) | a && b | is true if both a and b are true. |
| Logical OR ( || ) | a || b | is true if either a or b is true. |
| Logical NOT ( ! ) | !a | is true if a is not true. |
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>JavaScript Logical Operators</title>
</head>
<body>
<script type="text/javascript">
<!--
var a = true;
var b = false;
var linebreak = "<br />";
document.write("(a && b) => ");
result = (a && b);
document.write(result);
document.write(linebreak);
document.write("(a || b) => ");
result = (a || b);
document.write(result);
document.write(linebreak);
document.write("!(a && b) => ");
result = (!(a && b));
document.write(result);
document.write(linebreak);
//-->
</script>
</body>
</html>
Assignment Operators का उपयोग Left Operand Value को Right Operand Value के बराबर करने के लिये किया जाता है.
| Operator | Description | Example |
|---|---|---|
| = | Assign | 10+10 = 20 |
| += | Add and assign | var a=10; a+=20; Now a = 30 |
| -= | Subtract and assign | var a=20; a-=10; Now a = 10 |
| *= | Multiply and assign | var a=10; a*=20; Now a = 200 |
| /= | Divide and assign | var a=10; a/=2; Now a = 5 |
| %= | Modulus and assign | var a=10; a%=2; Now a = 0 |
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>JavaScript Assignment Operators</title>
</head>
<body>
<script type="text/javascript">
<!--
var a = 43;
var b = 20;
var linebreak = "<br />";
document.write("Value of a => (a = b) => ");
result = (a = b);
document.write(result);
document.write(linebreak);
document.write("Value of a => (a += b) => ");
result = (a += b);
document.write(result);
document.write(linebreak);
document.write("Value of a => (a -= b) => ");
result = (a -= b);
document.write(result);
document.write(linebreak);
document.write("Value of a => (a *= b) => ");
result = (a *= b);
document.write(result);
document.write(linebreak);
document.write("Value of a => (a /= b) => ");
result = (a /= b);
document.write(result);
document.write(linebreak);
document.write("Value of a => (a %= b) => ");
result = (a %= b);
document.write(result);
document.write(linebreak);
//-->
</script>
</body>
</html>